Day Trip from Khiva to Five Majestic Fortresses
Starts in Khiva / Urgench
Ends in Khiva / Urgench
Explore the remnants of ancient Khorezm, a region steeped in history and dotted with impressive fortresses. Daytrip from Khiva into the heart of Uzbekistan's desert landscape to uncover the secrets of the "Golden Ring of Khorezm" – a series of well-preserved citadels and fortresses dating back to the 4th century BC.
1) Guldursun-Kala fortress is dated back to the II-I centuries BC and is located in Karakalpakstan. Fortification was constructed in rectangular basis with the square of 35 hectares. Adobe walls are lined with two rows and have built-in loopholes. In V century BC the fortress was laid in ruins for unknown reasons.
2) Continue to the Kavat-Kala fortress is a unique monument of the middle Ages, which stretches for 15 km, its width is 2-3 km along Gavhore Channel. Until recently, there were seen ruins of residential buildings and clay buildings. From 12th to 13th centuries, the central part of Kavat-Kala was very populated. Kavat-Kala fortress is (160-190 meters) is the central monument of the oasis.
3) Next, visit the Ayaz-kala fortress (from Turkic – frosty, cold) is located in the north-west of Elikkala district of the Republic of Karakalpakstan 30 kilometers from Buston settlement and 110 kilometers from Khiva and it is the most showy one among other fortresses of ancient Khoresm.
4) Toprak-kala Built in the 3rd century, the fortress was used as the residence of khorezmshakhs - governors of the country- up to 305 A.D. Numerous aggressive wars forced the governors to leave the residence, and the city gradually fell into decay. Coins, fragments of ossuaries (Zoroastrian’s canopic jars), magnificent samples of art culture were found during archeological excavations
5) Kyzyl-Kala Fortress served as a refuge for local inhabitants during nomadic raids. Smoke signals would be used to announce the approach of enemy armies, giving the Khorezmians adequate time to prepare for battle and seek shelter within the citadel, which was surrounded by a double wall fortified at the corners by watchtowers. Ceramic pipes were even installed to funnel a continual supply of water to the fort.
Total Duration: 7 hours 30 min
Sightseeing: 3 hours
Starting Point: Your hotel, train station, or airport in Khiva/Urgench.
Recommended Start Time: Between 6:00 AM and 11:00 AM.
Mode of Transport: Private vehicle with an experienced driver.
Stop 1: Guldursun-Kala Duration: 45 minutes Explore one of the largest and oldest fortresses, known for its imposing mudbrick walls and rich history.
Stop 2: Kavat-Kala Duration: 45 minutes Visit this strategic defensive site, offering insights into the military architecture of ancient Khorezm.
Stop 3: Ayaz-Kala Duration: 1 hour (includes time for photos and optional refreshments) Perched atop a hill, this sprawling fortress provides breathtaking desert views.
Stop 4: Toprak-Kala Duration: 1 hours Once the capital of Khorezm, this fortress offers a glimpse into royal life with its palace ruins and intricate layout.
Stop 5: Kyzyl-Kala Duration: 30 minutes Marvel at the red-hued fortress that stands as a symbol of ancient defensive might.
Return Time: Afternoon based on start time.
Drop-off at your original location in Khiva or Urgench.
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